Cadiz Serradella

Soft seeded serradella for deep acid sands

Ornithopus sativus

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The first variety of French serradella to be developed in Australia, released for the 1996 season and bred for low fertility, acid soils where subterranean clover has failed. Cadiz is soft seeded, so it germinates readily without de-hulling and regenerates strongly in its second season at much higher densities than the hard seeded yellow serradellas. On poor acid sands it can lift carrying capacity from around 1 to 5 DSE/ha.

Key attributes

  • Soft seeded, germinates without de-hulling
  • Strong regeneration in the second season
  • Deep rooted so needs less phosphorus
  • Lifts carrying capacity on poor acid sands
  • Fixes nitrogen and adds organic matter
  • Does not regenerate after a cropping phase

About this variety

Cadiz was the first French serradella developed in Australia, released for the 1996 growing season out of work by CLIMA and the Pasture Improvement Group at Agriculture Western Australia. The problem it was bred to solve was a specific one: large areas of the West Midlands carry deep, infertile acid sands where subterranean clover simply will not persist, leaving country running at little more than one dry sheep equivalent per hectare.

What made Cadiz different was its soft seed. Where the hard-seeded yellow serradellas need de-hulling and take several seasons to build a stand, Cadiz germinates readily from pod and comes back in its second season at far higher densities. Growers can lift stock numbers from year two rather than waiting, and on the poorest acid sands the gain in carrying capacity has been measured at around fivefold.

Being deep rooted, it also asks less of the paddock than shallower rooted legumes, needing less phosphorus and potassium for good growth while returning nitrogen and organic matter to soils usually short of both. It suits the sheep and mixed farming country of the northern and central wheatbelt.

The soft seed is also the catch. Cadiz will not regenerate after a cropping phase, so it belongs in a pasture phase rather than a tight crop rotation unless it is sown alongside a hard seeded variety.

Planting & grazing notes

Seed production benefits from potassium (50 kg/ha potash) applied at flowering. Can be cut for silage at pre-flowering to early flowering, and for hay at early to mid flowering. Less than 10% of seed eaten by grazing animals passes through the digestive tract, with more passing through cattle than sheep. Sowing time April to early June; soft seeded so no dehulling required, can be sown in pod form. Graze lightly in the first year and remove stock in early spring to allow seed set. From the second year the pasture can be grazed heavily through winter, with grazing pressure reduced in spring to encourage seed production.

Disease & pest resistance

Tolerant of aphids. Monitor for redlegged earth mite and pasture loopers at germination, and for native budworm during pod formation.

Stand life

Persistence can be poor after 2-3 years due to very few to no hard seeds present; soft-seededness does not allow regeneration after cropping. Cadiz is soft seeded, so it germinates readily without the need for de-hulling, unlike the hard seeded yellow serradellas. This gives dramatic improvements in establishment, and the pasture regenerates well in the second season at much higher densities than the hard seeded types, so stock numbers can be lifted from the second year onwards. In seasons with a serious false break, survival of Cadiz seedlings can be poor and reseeding may be needed.

How it's sold

FormPackStatus
Podded25 kgIn stock
Cadiz Serradella

FAQs

What legume will grow on poor, acidic deep sand where sub clover struggles?

We recommend Cadiz Serradella, a pink-flowered French serradella developed particularly for low fertility, acid soils. It suits deep, well-drained sands and sandy loams with pH (CaCl2) 4 to 7 and 350 to 800mm rainfall. It's vigorous, very productive in spring and has a deep root system.

Can I sow serradella in the pod without dehulling it?

Yes, Cadiz Serradella is soft seeded, so it germinates readily without dehulling and can be sown in pod form. We recommend podded Cadiz at 4 to 8 kg/ha as a single species, sown from April to early June. Use the correct serradella inoculant at sowing for good nodulation.

Will serradella come back by itself after a crop year?

Not with Cadiz Serradella. It's soft seeded with very few hard seeds, so it doesn't regenerate after cropping and persistence can be poor after 2 to 3 years. If you want regeneration through a crop rotation, we suggest a hard-seeded variety like Margurita, Santorini or Serramax instead.

Is serradella a bloat risk for cattle?

Serradella is low bloat risk, which is one of its advantages. Our Cadiz Serradella is highly palatable with high nutritive value, around 15 to 25% crude protein at flowering. Sheep that haven't grazed serradella before may avoid young plants at first, so allow time for them to get used to it.

When should I cut serradella for silage or hay?

For Cadiz Serradella, we recommend cutting for silage at pre-flowering to early flowering, and for hay at early to mid flowering. It's very productive in spring, with annual dry matter commonly 3 to 7 t/ha. Cutting at these stages balances bulk with its high nutritive value.

What can I sow with serradella on sandy country?

Cadiz Serradella combines well with Italian ryegrass, fescue, panic or Rhodes grass, and legumes such as biserrula, gland clover and sub clover. From our range, that could mean Achieve ryegrass, Gatton Panic, Casbah Biserrula, Prima Gland or Dalkeith sub clover. Talk to us about a mix matched to your soil and rainfall.

What soils should I avoid planting serradella on?

We don't recommend Cadiz Serradella on hard-setting soils, such as sodic soils. It performs best on deep, well-drained sands and sandy loams, ideally more than 60 to 80 cm deep. It handles acid soils (pH CaCl2 4 to 7) and tolerates infrequent mild frosts, but not extended periods below zero.

How do I get a good seed set in a serradella paddock?

For Cadiz Serradella, seed production benefits from potassium, around 50 kg/ha of potash applied at flowering. Because Cadiz is soft seeded and doesn't persist well, managing grazing to allow seed set matters. Less than 10% of seed eaten by stock passes through the gut, so heavy grazing during seed set cuts your seed supply.

When do I sow Cadiz Serradella in WA?

We recommend sowing Cadiz Serradella from April to early June. It's early to medium maturing, with around 110 days to flowering, although flowering date can vary. It suits 350 to 800mm rainfall on deep acid sands, and podded seed can go straight in without dehulling.

Cadiz vs Eliza serradella, what's the difference?

Eliza is an improved Cadiz variety. Both are soft-seeded, pink-flowered French serradellas suited to acid sandy soils, with low bloat risk. Eliza has more early vigour than Cadiz and flowers earlier, at around 80 days in Perth compared with about 110 days for Cadiz. Neither regenerates well after cropping.