Faba Beans

Winter pulse that lifts nitrogen for the next crop

Vicia faba

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A winter growing pulse crop, planted in mid to late autumn and harvested in late spring or early summer. Faba beans fit well in rotation with winter and summer cereals or cotton, making those rotations more productive and profitable. Nitrogen fixed in the root system becomes available to the next crop, reducing the need for fertiliser nitrogen, and levels of soil-borne diseases such as crown rot and root lesion nematode are reduced by growing faba bean as a break crop.

Key attributes

  • Winter pulse that lifts soil nitrogen
  • Break crop for cereal root diseases
  • Improves yield and quality of following crops
  • Responds well to irrigation on heavy soils
  • Suits grain or green manure use
  • Growers report improved soil tilth

About this variety

Faba bean is a cool season pulse grown across southern Australia as both a food legume and a rotation tool. It is sown in mid to late autumn and harvested in late spring or early summer, developing quickly through July to September as it flowers and sets pod. Flowering stops as daytime temperatures approach thirty degrees, which is what sets the northern limit of where the crop is worth growing.

The plant reaches about a metre and a half, erect, throwing stems from its base over a taproot that carries a mass of fibrous roots through the top thirty centimetres of soil. Flowering begins low on the stem in early varieties and progressively higher in later ones, then continues up the plant over six to ten weeks. Like most legumes it sets far more flowers than it can carry, and fewer than fifteen per cent go on to make pods. Honeybees working the flowers cross-pollinate at rates commonly between twenty-five and thirty per cent.

Where faba beans earn their place is the rotation. Sequences that put a faba bean phase between winter and summer cereals, or ahead of cotton, are consistently more productive and more profitable than those without a legume, because yield and quality lift in the crop that follows. Up to forty per cent of the crop's nitrogen sits below ground, cutting the fertiliser nitrogen the next crop needs and adding to soil organic nitrogen. Growers also report better soil tilth afterwards.

Planting & grazing notes

Plant mid-late autumn, harvest late spring-early summer; flowering/podding July-September at 15-25°C, stops near 30°C; tolerates mild frost but not severe frost; inoculate with Group F; sow 5-8cm deep, dry sowing an option; up to 40% of crop nitrogen is underground

Disease & pest resistance

Good overall disease resistance including reduced susceptibility to chocolate spot and rust; resistant to Ascochyta blight; reduces crown rot and root lesion nematode pressure as a break crop. Early sowing of faba bean within the sowing window is important in the medium and lowrainfall zones but responses are inconsistent in the high-rainfall zone. • Sowing rate can have a major effect on yield and disease resistance.

How it's sold

FormPackStatus
Bare25 kgIn stock
Faba Beans

FAQs

What pulse can I put in my rotation to cut crown rot and nematodes in the wheat after?

We recommend Faba Beans as a break crop. Growing faba beans reduces soil-borne crown rot and root lesion nematode in the following wheat. They also fix nitrogen, and up to 40% of the crop's nitrogen is held underground for the next crop. Cereal yields and grain quality are usually higher after faba beans.

How deep do you sow faba beans?

We recommend sowing Faba Beans 5–8cm deep, and dry sowing is an option. Inoculate the seed with Group F rhizobia before sowing. Sow in mid to late autumn, within the recommended window, because early sowing matters more in medium and low rainfall areas. You may need to roll the paddock to make harvest easier.

What seeding rate do I need for faba beans?

The seeding rate for Faba Beans depends on your target plant density and the seed size of the batch, because sowing rate affects both yield and disease resistance. Faba beans adapt to a range of row spacings. We don't publish a single fixed rate, so talk to us with your row spacing and target density and we will work it out.

Will a winter pulse cope with frost in our district?

Faba Beans tolerate mild frost during vegetative growth. Severe frost can deform and lodge stems, and after flowering it can kill flowers and immature pods. The crop flowers and pods from July to September when daytime temperatures are 15–25°C, and flowering stops near 30°C. Choose paddocks and sowing times that reduce frost risk at flowering.

What winter crop will fix nitrogen and improve my heavy clay soil?

We recommend Faba Beans. They respond well on heavy clay soils, especially with good rainfall or irrigation, and growers report improved soil tilth after the crop. Inoculated with Group F, they fix nitrogen, and up to 40% of the crop's nitrogen stays underground to feed the next crop and reduce your nitrogen fertiliser needs.

Is there a pulse with decent disease resistance for higher rainfall areas?

Our Faba Beans are a high-yielding bean with good overall disease resistance. They have reduced susceptibility to chocolate spot and rust, and resistance to Ascochyta blight. Faba beans suit areas with higher rainfall and milder spring temperatures, and they respond well to irrigation. Plant in mid to late autumn and harvest in late spring to early summer.

Can I use a winter pulse as a green manure on run-down soil?

Yes, Faba Beans can be grown as a green manure where soils have been degraded. The tall, erect plant, growing to about 1.5m, produces plenty of biomass, and when inoculated with Group F it fixes nitrogen. Incorporate it around flowering to capture the most nitrogen. It also breaks disease cycles for the cereals that follow.

When should I plant and harvest broad beans as a paddock crop?

We recommend planting Faba Beans in mid to late autumn and harvesting in late spring to early summer. The crop develops quickly from July to September as it flowers and pods. Pods hold 2–4 seeds, and medium-sized seed types are the main ones grown in Australia. Honeybees help with cross-pollination.

Faba beans vs field peas as a break crop, which suits better?

Faba Beans suit heavier clay soils and higher rainfall areas, and they reduce crown rot and root lesion nematodes for the next wheat crop. Our Coogee Field Peas suit 350mm+ rainfall on sandy to heavy soils, tolerate low pH and salinity, and are flexible for hay, forage or manure. Both fix nitrogen, and both lift the cereal crops that follow.

Do winter pulses like waterlogged or wet paddocks?

Faba Beans handle wetter, heavier conditions better than many pulses, and they do well on heavy clays under irrigation. They are still best on paddocks that drain reasonably well. Tolerance to prolonged waterlogging isn't set out in our product data, so talk to us about the specific paddock. For very wet, salty ground, consider a perennial pasture instead.